FAQs > A Guide to Health and Safety at Work

A Guide to Health and Safety at Work

Good practice in health and safety is not only good for your business – it's the law. But getting to grips with the legislation and how to comply with it can be overwhelming. Here is a quick summary of basic legal requirements for all businesses.

For more information visit the government website www.hse.gov.uk or call their helpline on 0845 345 0055

Contents: Click to go to each section

Employers legal responsibility  
Employers legal responsibility  - A step by step guide
Health and Safety Legislation- Legal duties
Assessment of First Aid Needs
What should be kept in a first aid box?
Where to get more information


Employers legal responsibility

All employers have a legal responsibility to protect the health and safety of your employees and other people (such as customers and members of the public) who may be affected by their work.
Government legislation states that an employer must do the following:

  • Make the workplace safe and eliminate or control risks to health
  • Ensure equipment, plant and machinery are safe and that safe systems of work are set and followed
  • Ensure articles and substances are moved, stored and used safely;
  • Provide adequate welfare facilities;
  • Give workers the information, instruction, training and supervision necessary for their health and safety; consult workers on health and safety matters.


Employers legal responsibility  - A step by step guide

1.    Register your new business with the Health & Safety Executive (if necessary)
You may need to notify the Health and Safety Executive or your local authority about your business.

2.    Take out Employer's Liability Compulsory Insurance
Should an employee become ill or injured as a result of their work Employer's Liability Compulsory Insurance covers you against any claims that may be made. All businesses must have this.

3.     Appoint a Health and Safety Officer
The law says you must appoint a competent person to help you meet your health and safety duties. This can be someone within your organisation or an external consultant if you wish.

4.    Write your health and safety policy
This is a unique document that says who does what, when and how in terms of health and safety and sets out the arrangements you have put in place for managing health and safety in your business.  

5.    Assess the risks
Decide what could potentially harm people and what precautions should be taken to prevent it. This is your risk assessment. You must act on the findings of your risk assessment, by putting sensible controls in place to prevent accidents and ill health and making sure they are followed.

6.    Provide basic welfare facilities
Employers must provide a safe and healthy environment for all employees. This includes toilets, washing facilities and drinking water, and appropriate lighting and temperature.

7.    Provide free health and safety training and supervision
Everyone who works for you, including self-employed people, needs to know how to work safely and without risks to health. So you need to train them and supervise their work.

8.    Consult your workers
Consultation means discussing health and safety with your workers allowing them to raise concerns and influence decisions.

9.    Display the health and safety law poster
This is required by law. The poster includes basic health and safety information and lets people know who is responsible for health and safety in your workplace. Or you can give workers a leaflet.

10.    Understand RIDDOR reporting procedures
The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 (RIDDOR), require you to report work-related accidents, diseases and near-miss incidents. Make sure you know how to report, even if you never need to.

11.    Keep up to date
You can follow the news in your sector through e-bulletins, news feeds, podcasts and texts to your mobile by signing up at www.hse.gov.uk

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Health and Safety Legislation- Legal duties

Detailed information can be found on at www.hse.gov.uk

The Health and Safety (First-Aid) Regulations 1981 require employers to provide adequate and appropriate equipment, facilities and personnel to enable first aid to be given to employees if they are injured or become ill at work. These Regulations apply to all workplaces including those with five or fewer employees and to the self-employed.

What is adequate will depend on the circumstances in the workplace. This includes whether trained first aiders are needed, what should be included in a first aid box and if a first aid room is needed. Employers should carry out an assessment of first aid needs to determine this.

The Regulations do not place a legal obligation on employers to make first aid provision for non-employees such as the public or children in schools. However, HSE strongly recommends that non-employees are included in a first aid needs assessment and that provision is made for them.

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Assessment of first aid needs

Employers are required to carry out an assessment of first aid needs. This involves consideration of possible workplace hazards and risks, the size of the organisation and other relevant factors, to determine what first aid equipment, facilities and personnel should be provided. Trained first aiders must also be provided.

A free HSE leaflet is available from www.hse.gov.uk

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What should I put in a first-aid box?

There isn’t a standard list of what a first aid box must contain because it depends on what the individual needs identified by your risk assessment are. However, as a guide, and where there is no special risk in the workplace, a minimum contents of first-aid items would be:

  • A leaflet giving general guidance on first aid, eg HSE leaflet Basic advice on first aid at work (see ‘Where can I get further information?’)
  • 20 individually wrapped sterile adhesive dressings (assorted sizes)
  • Two sterile eye pads
  • 4 individually wrapped triangular bandages (preferably sterile)
  • 6 safety pins
  • 6 medium-sized (approximately 12 cm x 12 cm) individually wrapped sterile
  • Un-medicated wound dressings
  • 2 large (approximately 18 cm x 18 cm) sterile individually wrapped
  • Un-medicated wound dressings
  • 1 pair of disposable gloves.

You should not keep tablets or medicines in the first-aid box.

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Where to get more information

For more information visit the government website www.hse.gov.uk or call their helpline on 0845 345 0055

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